zipkin服务追踪中心（十八）

zipkin服务追踪中心（十八）

2018-08-30 14:40:07.0|分类: docker+node.js+zookeeper构建微服务|浏览量: 1629

摘要: Trace:类似于树结构的Span集合，表示一条调用链路，存在唯一标识

docker镜像官网

https://hub.docker.com/u/library/


zipkin镜像版本列表


https://hub.docker.com/r/openzipkin/zipkin/tags/


随着业务越来越复杂，系统也随之进行各种拆分，特别是随着微服务架构和容器技术的兴起，看似简单的一个应用，后台可能有几十个甚至几百个服务在支撑；一个前端的请求可能需要多次的服务调用最后才能完成；当请求变慢或者不可用时，我们无法得知是哪个后台服务引起的，这时就需要解决如何快速定位服务故障点，Zipkin分布式跟踪系统就能很好的解决这样的问题。

跟踪器（Tracers）存在在你的应用程序中生存，记录时间和关于操作的元数据。他们经常使用库，因此他们的使用对用户是透明的。例如，当它收到一个请求并发送一个响应时，一个感应器（instrumented ）的web服务器记录。所收集的跟踪数据称为Span。


zipkin重要概念：

Span:基本工作单元，一次链路调用(可以是RPC，DB等没有特定的限制)创建一个span，通过一个64位ID标识它， 

span通过还有其他的数据，例如描述信息，时间戳，key-value对的(Annotation)tag信息，parent-id等,其中parent-id 可以表示span调用链路来源，通俗的理解span就是一次请求信息

Trace:类似于树结构的Span集合，表示一条调用链路，存在唯一标识

Annotation: 注解,用来记录请求特定事件相关信息(例如时间)，通常包含四个注解信息

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官网提供例子流程图：

┌─────────────┐ ┌───────────────────────┐  ┌─────────────┐  ┌──────────────────┐
│ User Code   │ │ Trace Instrumentation │  │ Http Client │  │ Zipkin Collector │
└─────────────┘ └───────────────────────┘  └─────────────┘  └──────────────────┘
       │                 │                         │                 │
           ┌─────────┐
       │ ──┤GET /foo ├─▶ │ ────┐                   │                 │
           └─────────┘         │ record tags
       │                 │ ◀───┘                   │                 │
                           ────┐
       │                 │     │ add trace headers │                 │
                           ◀───┘
       │                 │ ────┐                   │                 │
                               │ record timestamp
       │                 │ ◀───┘                   │                 │
                             ┌─────────────────┐
       │                 │ ──┤GET /foo         ├─▶ │                 │
                             │X-B3-TraceId: aa │     ────┐
       │                 │   │X-B3-SpanId: 6b  │   │     │           │
                             └─────────────────┘         │ invoke
       │                 │                         │     │ request   │
                                                         │
       │                 │                         │     │           │
                                 ┌────────┐          ◀───┘
       │                 │ ◀─────┤200 OK  ├─────── │                 │
                           ────┐ └────────┘
       │                 │     │ record duration   │                 │
            ┌────────┐     ◀───┘
       │ ◀──┤200 OK  ├── │                         │                 │
            └────────┘       ┌────────────────────────────────┐
       │                 │ ──┤ asynchronously report span     ├────▶ │
                             │                                │
                             │{                               │
                             │  "traceId": "aa",              │
                             │  "id": "6b",                   │
                             │  "name": "get",                │
                             │  "timestamp": 1483945573944000,│
                             │  "duration": 386000,           │
                             │  "annotations": [              │
                             │--snip--                        │
                             └────────────────────────────────┘


docker安装zipkin

docker run -d -p 9411:9411 --name zipkin openzipkin/zipkin1.22.0


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用springboot构建一个例子，例子访问流程图如下：

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business/order/user服务程序，代码非常相似。zipkin-conca是zipkin基础代码，business/order/user都需要引用zipkin-conca。


business项目内容：

App.java

package com.cookqq.business;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * Hello world!
 *
 */

@SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages="com.cookqq")
public class App 
{
    public static void main( String[] args )
    {
        SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
    }
    
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
    	return new RestTemplate();
    }
    
}

BusinessController.java

package com.cookqq.business;

import java.util.Random;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
public class BusinessController {

	
	@Autowired
	private RestTemplate restTemplate;
	
	@RequestMapping( method=RequestMethod.GET, path="/show")
	public String show(){
		try {
			Thread.sleep(new Random().nextInt(1000));
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		return restTemplate.getForObject("http://127.0.0.1:8081/order", String.class);
	}
	
}

application.properties

server.port=8080
zipkin.endpoint=http://192.168.99.100:9411/api/v1/spans
zipkin.service=business


pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.cookqq</groupId>
  <artifactId>business</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <name>business</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>

    <parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
  </parent>
  
    <repositories>
	    <repository>
	        <id>alimaven</id>
	        <name>aliyun maven</name>
	        <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
	    </repository>
	    <repository>
	        <id>jcenter</id>
	        <name>jcenter Repository</name>
	        <url>http://jcenter.bintray.com/</url>
	        <snapshots>
	            <enabled>false</enabled>
	        </snapshots>
	    </repository>
	</repositories>
  
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.cookqq</groupId>
  		<artifactId>zipkin-conca</artifactId>
  		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>


zipkin-conca项目

ZipkinConfiguration类

package com.cookqq.zipkin.conca;

import com.github.kristofa.brave.Brave;
import com.github.kristofa.brave.http.HttpRequest;
import com.github.kristofa.brave.http.SpanNameProvider;
import com.github.kristofa.brave.mysql.MySQLStatementInterceptorManagementBean;
import com.github.kristofa.brave.spring.BraveClientHttpRequestInterceptor;
import com.github.kristofa.brave.spring.ServletHandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import zipkin.Span;
import zipkin.reporter.AsyncReporter;
import zipkin.reporter.Reporter;
import zipkin.reporter.Sender;
import zipkin.reporter.okhttp3.OkHttpSender;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import java.util.List;

@Configuration
@Import({RestTemplate.class, BraveClientHttpRequestInterceptor.class, ServletHandlerInterceptor.class})
public class ZipkinConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {

  @Autowired
  private ZipkinProperties zipkinProperties;

  @Bean
  public Sender sender() {
    return OkHttpSender.create(zipkinProperties.getEndpoint());
  }

  @Bean
  public Reporter<Span> reporter() {
//    return new LoggingReporter();
    return AsyncReporter.builder(sender()).build();
  }

  @Bean
  public Brave brave() {
    return new Brave.Builder(zipkinProperties.getService()).reporter(reporter()).build();
  }

  @Bean
  public SpanNameProvider spanNameProvider() {
//    return new DefaultSpanNameProvider();
    return new SpanNameProvider() {
      public String spanName(HttpRequest httpRequest) {
        return String.format(
            "%s %s",
            httpRequest.getHttpMethod(),
            httpRequest.getUri().getPath()
        );
      }
    };
  }

//  @Bean
//  public MySQLStatementInterceptorManagementBean mySQLStatementInterceptorManagementBean() {
//    return new MySQLStatementInterceptorManagementBean(brave().clientTracer());
//  }

  @Autowired
  private RestTemplate restTemplate;

  @Autowired
  private BraveClientHttpRequestInterceptor clientInterceptor;

  @Autowired
  private ServletHandlerInterceptor serverInterceptor;

  @PostConstruct
  public void init() {
    List<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor> interceptors = restTemplate.getInterceptors();
    interceptors.add(clientInterceptor);
    restTemplate.setInterceptors(interceptors);
  }

  @Override
  public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
    registry.addInterceptor(serverInterceptor);
  }
}

ZipkinProperties类

package com.cookqq.zipkin.conca;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties("zipkin")
public class ZipkinProperties {

	
	private String endpoint;
	
	private String service;

	public String getEndpoint() {
		return endpoint;
	}

	public void setEndpoint(String endpoint) {
		this.endpoint = endpoint;
	}

	public String getService() {
		return service;
	}

	public void setService(String service) {
		this.service = service;
	}
	
	
	
}

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.cookqq</groupId>
  <artifactId>zipkin-conca</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <name>zipkin-conca</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>
  
  <dependencies>
  <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot</artifactId>
      <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>io.zipkin.brave</groupId>
      <artifactId>brave-spring-web-servlet-interceptor</artifactId>
      <version>4.0.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>io.zipkin.brave</groupId>
      <artifactId>brave-spring-resttemplate-interceptors</artifactId>
      <version>4.0.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>io.zipkin.brave</groupId>
      <artifactId>brave-mysql</artifactId>
      <version>4.0.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>io.zipkin.reporter</groupId>
      <artifactId>zipkin-sender-okhttp3</artifactId>
      <version>0.6.12</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

启动三个项目，访问http://localhost:8080/show


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上述代码测试过zipkin版本1.22.0，2.6.0，2.8.0（支持）， 2.10.0（不支持）

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